This ancient form of poppy has a central capsule surrounded by clustered "chicks" that make a unique addition to dried bouquets. A cool season flower, sow early into cold soil that is fertile and well-drained. Poppy 'Hungarian Blue'. A lovely heirloom bread seed poppy that is extra vigorous, its healthy foliage and strong stems holding the large tulip-shaped violet blooms aloft.
After the petals drop, the urn-shaped seed pods develop, soon rattling with the blue-black seeds contained inside, valuable for baking festive poppy seed rolls. Bee-friendly is an understatement, for bees of all kinds will swarm these flowers! Poppy 'Ladybird'. Latin Name: Papaver commutatum. Poppy 'Lauren's Grape'. A show-stopping purple-violet opium poppy, Lauren's Grape was selected over six years from a mix of collected varieties to come true from seed.
Bees will gather wingtip to wingtip inside the freshly opened blooms, busily gathering pollen. Poppy 'Lauren's Grape' Organic. A show-stopping purple-violet opium poppy, Lauren's Grape was selected over a six year period from a mix of collected varieties to come true from seed. Poppy 'Lilac Pompom'. Frilly as a party dress, these full-skirted flowers dance atop the sturdy stems, the soft lilac hued petals complementing the blue-green foliage.
Delicate looking, but easy to grow in the early spring garden. Poppy 'Sissinghurst White'. Someone must have sneaked some poppy seeds out of the fabled garden at Sissinghurst Castle, and I'm glad, for now we all can have a white garden filled with these pleated silk banners of pure light.
One of the few true scatter and grow flowers, sow thinly on top of cool soil, rake lightly and firm in for a glorious spring. Cannot ship to WV or Canada. Poppy 'Swansdown'. Poppy - Mexican Tulip 'Sunlite'.
Latin Name: Hunnemania fumariifolia. Poppy - Peony 'Black'. Captivating blooms in that rarest of hues, almost black, the deep-maroon gathered petals flower on strong, tall stems. The baroque flourish of the sea-green foliage complements the flower's smoldering hue. Picture perfect with sweet williams and foxgloves in the early summer garden. Latin Name: Papaver paeoniflorum. Poppy - Peony 'Flemish Antique'.
Tightly packed petticoats of petals burst from buds that seem too small to hold such luxuriant flowers. The myriad petals are stitched with cherry red, for a lovely smudged color effect. In the 18th century, this antique type was celebrated as being equal to carnations, a favored flower of that time; earlier, in the 17th century, they were the poppies of celebrated Dutch and Flemish flower paintings.
Poppy - Peony 'Frosted Salmon'. Visitors to the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam might be surprised to find these ruffled poppies in elaborate still-life paintings, their likeness perfectly preserved in oil since the late 17th century.
These ever-famous poppies keep company with larkspur and Chinese forget-me-not in lush early summer gardens. In case of extreme and excruciating pain such as that of terminally ill cancer patients, nothing alleviates the suffering except morphine.
Codeine is commonly used in manufacture of cough syrups. The Government of India notifies the tracts where opium cultivation can be licensed as well as the General Conditions for issuance of license every year.
These notifications are commonly referred to as Opium Policies. This should be taken into account when siting poppy plantations in different geographical areas and selecting varieties. The seeds are very small: their absolute weight is 0. When sowing in light soils, the covering should not exceed cm, and in heavier soils cm. Young seedlings grow slowly and are easily choked by weeds. From the time of the appearance of the seedlings to the budding period, the poppy requires moderate temperatures and adequate soil moisture per cent of saturation.
Hot dry weather between the end of flowering and the period of technical ripeness causes the formation of large quantities of opium and the accumulation of formin. Technical ripeness sets in days or, with lateripening varieties, days after mass flowering. During its seedling period the poppy requires large quantities of phosphorus fertilizer. During budding and flowering it requires increased quantities of all the other basic elements N, P, K , especially nitrogen.
In experiments carried out in conditions typical of Kirghizia, the application of these types of fertilizer during the principal stages of development gave the following figures in kg per ha ;. These varieties are essentially derived from the Tarbagotaisky and Tyanshansky subspecies.
At present, a considerable part of the poppy-growing area is sown with the most promising varieties having different ripening periods:. Each year the VILR experimental stations grow selected seed of these varieties and propagate it on special seed-growing farms; they gather the primary seed in the quantities required for the whole area to be sown with poppies. In this way the poppy-growing farms obtain for sowing each year selected primary seed with high germination properties.
The poppy is usually placed in the crop rotation after winter cereals, and also after grass or occupied fallowing. The ground is prepared in autumn autumn ploughing. Ploughing is cm deep. During autumn ploughing the basic fertilizers N, P, K are applied.
In early spring the ploughed land is harrowed and, before sowing, is cultivated all over to a depth of cm with a drag harrow.
Sowing is done as early as possible and not later than the sowing of early grain crops. The standard sowing density per hectare is kg of seed with per cent germination. The seed is covered to a depth of cm. It is mixed with granulated superphosphate, which acts as a filler and provides accessible phosphorus nutrient in the soil for the young seedlings. Before sowing, the seed is dusted with granozan or mercuran 1g to 1 kg of seed , which protects it and the seedlings from damage by pests and diseases.
The seed is sown in continuous rows 60 cm apart, by vegetable drills or by grain drills with roller-seeders for sowing small seeds. The 60 cm inter-row spacing enables the field to be furrow-irrigated.
After sowing, the next operations are thinning the seedlings, weeding and hoeing, and watering when soil moisture is insufficient.
When the seedlings appear, they are first thinned when they show two pairs of true leaves. The second thinning takes place when pairs of true leaves appear. After the second and final thinning, the density of the plants should be ,, per hectare. Experiments have shown that 70,, plants per hectare give Most of the poppies in the Issyk-Kul valley area are grown on irrigated land. When the moisture content of the soil is insufficient - i.
Furrow irrigation is used, and the average quantity of water is m 3 per hectare. During the autumn sowing the following quantities per hectare of mineral fertilizers are applied:. Good results are obtained when manure is spread during the autumn ploughing in quantities of 15 t per ha, and superphosphates and nitrogen fertilizers are applied as a twofold top-dressing during the rosetting and budding stage.
The effects of organic fertilizers manure and superphosphates, applied during autumn ploughing, on the yield of opium and seed are shown by the following test data:. The granulated superphosphate is added to the seed during sowing in quantities of 30 kg per hectare.
Top-dressing with nitrogen fertilizers is done with mechanical cultivator plant-feeders during the rosetting stage and again during the budding stage, in quantities of 45 kg nitrogen per ha in each stage. Nitrogen top-dressings are particularly effective before irrigation. The most dangerous pests are the seed and capsule weevils the harm is done during the larvae stage. The main soil-dwelling pests are click beetles, turnipmoth and other caterpillars.
Bean and poppy aphis also do damage. Amongst fungus diseases of poppies, peronosporium and helminthosporium have been observed, and amongst bacterial diseases trachsobacteria blight. Systems of agrotechnical and chemical measures have been worked out and used against poppy pests and diseases.
The gathering of opium begins during the technical ripeness period of the capsules, which sets in days after mass flowering July-August. Technically-ripe capsules are elastic to the touch and have a light grey-blue waxy coating. During this period the seed is in the stage of milky ripeness. Incisions are made first in the capsules on the main stem and later in those on lateral stems. In the USSR - unlike India - the capsules are incised horizontally, ensuring abundant exudation of milky latex.
On an average three incisions are made in every technically-ripe capsule at intervals of one or two days. Capsules are incised by day, from 12 - 1 till 5 - 6 p. In cloudy, rainy weather the capsules are incised and the opium is collected on the same day, with an interval of hours. The first incision is made towards the top of the capsules on the south side; the second somewhat lower on the north side; and the third still lower again on the south side.
The capsules are incised with a special three-bladed knife with limited depth of cut figure 1. The distance between the blades of the knife should not exceed mm. Experiments have shown that a large number of blades on the knife does not increase the exudation of milky latex or the amount of opium collected.
The opium is removed from the capsules with a scraper figure 2 and placed in a jar. The outfit for incising capsules and collecting opium is shown in figure 3. When removing the raw opium from the capsules, the collectors take care not to scrape epidermis off them as well, since that would lower the opium's commercial quality.
Outfit for incising capsules and removing raw opium : 1 knife; 2 blades and inserts; 3 jar; 4 scraper. The incising and opium-collecting period lasts 25 days in the Issyk-Kul Valley, and on a single farm days. The cultivation on each farm of three types of poppy which take different times to reach technical ripeness lengthens the lancing and harvesting period by days. This enables a smaller number of workers to gather the whole yield of raw opium in good time and without loss.
Experience has shown that with three incisions practically the whole possible yield of opium is collected, and that to expend much labour on a fourth incision, let alone a fifth, is uneconomic.
0コメント